Arrangement for a roof or a facade of a building

ABSTRACT

Arrangement for a roof or a façade of a building, including a counter-batten system made up of a plurality of counter-battens and provided with a thermal insulation layer, where the thermal insulation layer includes at least one composite sheet laid from a roll, and the composite sheet is formed in at least two layers with an underlay sheet and an insulating material sheet connected to the underlay sheet.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The arrangement relates to an arrangement for a roof or a façade of abuilding, comprising a thermal insulation layer and a counter-battensystem made up of a plurality of counter-battens and provided above thethermal insulation layer.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Arrangements of the type in question can take the form of roofarrangements or façade arrangements. In the case of a roof arrangement,it is conventional for there to be provided a plurality of rafters onwhich a roof covering is situated. Apart from the aforementionedinsulation layer and the counter-batten system, the roof coveringconventionally comprises a tiling batten system made up of a pluralityof tiling battens and roof tiles. Also known besides, however, are roofarrangements which manage without rafters. The substructure in that caseis formed by a concrete slab to which the thermal insulation layer isconventionally applied by means of a counter-batten system. Facadearrangements substantially correspond to the roof arrangements; however,instead of a plurality of rafters, vertical members which areconventionally made of wood or wood-based materials, but may also bemade of concrete, are provided. The thermal insulation layer is thenapplied thereto. Of course, it is also possible in the case of façadesto provide concrete slabs instead of a corresponding system of verticalmembers, the thermal insulation layer then being applied to these slabs.The thermal insulation layer is conventionally likewise fastened via acounter-batten system; however, a roof tiling batten system is then notrequired.

The statements which follow refer in their entirety to roof arrangementsonly. It goes without saying, however, that these statements applyequally well to façade arrangements without any specific referencethereto being required.

What is important in roof arrangements of the type in question is thatthey have adequate thermal insulation. This applies both to newbuildings and to roof renovations.

In a known roof arrangement, an insulating material is provided betweenthe rafters. Above the rafters and the insulating material is situated awatertight layer of underlay sheets. This layer is held on the raftersvia counter-battens. Above the counter-battens and extending at a rightangle thereto are conventionally situated tiling battens which arefastened to the counter-battens. In this known roof arrangement,considerable heat losses occur in the region of the rafters as theresult of thermal bridges. A thermal bridge in the present case is to beunderstood as meaning a continuous region of significantly higherthermal conductivity than the insulating material. Wood has, forexample, a very much higher thermal conductivity than the insulatingmaterial, which means that the rafters constitute potential risk pointsfor thermal bridges. A thermal bridge in the present case is also to beunderstood as meaning points at which the counter-battens lie on top ofthe rafters with a thin underlay sheet placed in between. On cold days,the room-side surface temperature drops in the region of these thermalbridges. When the temperature falls below the dew point temperature,this can result in condensation and mould formation. Moreover, thermalbridges additionally entail a high heat requirement for heatingpurposes.

To improve the thermal insulation particularly when renovating old roofarrangements, a procedure has in some cases been adopted in which therafters are doubled up so as to obtain an increased rafter height andhence an additional space between the rafters for arrangingsupplementary insulating material. Over the doubled-up rafters is thenarranged a layer of underlay sheets. If appropriate, boarding made ofwood-based materials may be provided between the rafters and theunderlay sheets. The counter-batten system and tiling batten system arethen mounted. As a result of the additional insulating material, thethermal insulation of this roof arrangement is improved. However,thermal bridges with the above-described disadvantages still result inthe region of the doubled-up rafters.

In another known roof arrangement, a so-called over-rafter insulation isprovided for renovation purposes. Here, hard panels of PUR or PS areapplied to the rafters and to the thermal insulation situated inbetween. As an alternative to this, it is also possible to apply woodfibreboard panels to the rafters. The thermal bridges in the region ofthe rafters are substantially avoided through the aforementionedmeasures. However, the aforementioned panels are associated with variousdisadvantages. The wood fibreboard panels are not only expensive butalso decidedly heavy, which makes them difficult to handle and lay. Theinsulating material panels, although lighter than the wood fibreboardpanels, are even more expensive than the wood fibreboard panels. Sincethe items in question are piece goods, the laying operation iscomplicated in this case too. Regardless of the type of panels, however,it is the case with these known roof arrangements that a layer ofunderlay sheets is conventionally applied to the panels in order to beable to ensure watertightness. This is associated with additional effortand cost. Moreover, it is the case with all the known roof arrangementsthat a large number of joints occur, a situation which has anunfavourable impact on the thermal insulation. In this respect, jointsare provided not only in the case of roof arrangements having insulatingpanels, between which the joints are situated, but also in the case ofdoubled-up rafters and the material additionally introduced in theenlarged space between the rafters.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a roof arrangement of the type mentionedat the outset which offers good thermal insulation while avoidingthermal bridges, is cost-effective and can be laid easily.

According to the invention, in the case of a roof arrangement of thetype mentioned at the outset the thermal insulation layer comprises atleast one composite sheet laid from a roll, and the composite sheet isformed in at least two layers with an underlay sheet and an insulatingmaterial sheet connected to the underlay sheet.

The invention offers a series of key advantages. First and foremost, thecomposite sheet according to the invention performs a dual function. Onthe one hand, it has the function of an underlay sheet known from theprior art and on the other hand a thermal insulation function as aresult of the insulating material sheet. Apart from this dual function,the invention is noteworthy in that provision is made for the compositesheet to be laid from the roll. This facilitates the laying operationquite considerably since the composite sheet can be unrolled from theroll and laid over and beyond the rafters and other rising components ina problem-free manner. In the case of a roof arrangement having rafters,the individual composite sheets are preferably arranged transverselywith respect to the rafters. What is meant here by the transversearrangement of the composite sheet with respect to the rafters is thatthe composite sheet is laid at an angle to the rafters. This arrangementcan of course also be provided if additional wood boarding is situatedon the rafters. Should the roof arrangement have a concrete slab as thesubstructure, the arrangement of the composite sheet is not an issue.The same also applies in principle to a façade arrangement. Moreover, afurther advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that, sincethe composite sheet used is rolled from the roll, significantly fewerjoints are provided in the thermal insulation layer than is the case inthe prior art. This has a correspondingly positive impact on the thermalinsulation. It should be additionally noted in connection with thethermal insulation that, because the sheet is laid over and beyond therafters, no disadvantageous thermal bridges result in the region of therafters, or else thermal bridges are considerably reduced. In addition,the composite sheet according to the invention is also very light due toits weight, which means that it can be transported to a roof and handledthere without problems.

To make it possible for the composite sheet to be laid from the roll ina simple manner, provision is made according to the invention for theinsulating material of the insulating material sheet to be compressibleand flexible. The insulating material should preferably be a polyesterfibre nonwoven, glass wool and/or mineral wool. To achieve adequatethermal insulation, the thermal insulation sheets here should have athickness of more than 1 cm, preferably between 2 and 8 cm and inparticular of about 3 cm. It has been found that, in order to achievegood thermal insulation, a thermal conductivity of between 0.025 and0.05 W/(m·K) and preferably between 0.03 and 0.04 W/(m·K) should beprovided for the sheet when it is in the non-compressed state, thisgenerally being ensured with the aforementioned thicknesses of theinsulating material sheet.

The counter-battens known from the prior art serve to fasten thecomposite sheet. These are fixedly connected, in particular nailedand/or screwed, to the rafters, with the composite sheet being placed inbetween. In the process, the composite sheet is then compressed in theregion of the counter-battens. It has been found that the thermalconductivity in the region where the composite sheet is compressed islowered as a result of the compression, specifically to values ofbetween 0.02 to 0.045 W/(m·K) and in particular 0.025 to 0.035 W/(m·K).Owing to the thermal conductivity being lowered in this region, verygood thermal insulation is obtained while avoiding thermal bridges.Nowhere near such a low conductivity can be achieved if, as provided inthe prior art, only an underlay sheet is situated between the raftersand the counter-battens.

Since the insulating material of the insulating material sheet iscompressible and flexible, the composite sheet can be rolled up in ahighly space-saving manner, which means that even comparatively longsheets can be carried onto a roof and handled there in a simple manner.With the thickness dimensions indicated above, the length of a compositesheet can be greater than 3 m, preferably greater than 5 m and inparticular about 10 m. The width of the composite sheet can be chosenfreely per se and is preferably greater than 50 cm. Preferably, thewidth is between 1 and 2 m and in particular about 1.5 m.

To achieve good thermal insulation, it is necessary to use an adequateamount of insulating material. It has been found that the weight of thecomposite sheet according to the invention should be greater than 300g/m², in particular between 500 and 2000 g/m² and preferably about 1000g/m².

As has as already been stated above, the counter-battens serve forfastening the composite sheet to the rafters. In the configurationaccording to the invention, provision is made for the height of thecounter-battens to be greater than the thickness of the composite sheet.It is ensured in this way that, even when the composite sheet is highlycompressed by the counter-battens, the tiling batten system provided onthe counter-batten system is raised from the water-guiding plane of theunderlay sheet. In this case, the height of the counter-battens isusually 2 cm to 4 cm higher than the thickness of the composite sheet,deducting the compressed thickness of the composite sheet in the regionof the fastened counter-battens. Thus, the height of the counter-battenscan be about 4 cm for example when the composite sheet has a thicknessof 3 cm.

As already mentioned above, the counter-battens are conventionallyfastened to the rafters by means of screws and/or nails. To prevent theingress of water at these connection points, provision is made in apreferred configuration of the invention for a sealing tape to bearranged between the counter-battens and the underlay sheet.

To facilitate the laying operation, the sealing tape has an adhesivecoating on at least one side. This makes it possible for the sealingtape to be fastened to the underside of a counter-batten in a simplemanner before this counter-batten is fastened to the associated rafter,with the composite sheet being placed in between. It is also expedientin this respect for the width of the sealing tape to correspond at leastsubstantially to the width of the rafter.

The underlay sheet of the composite sheet according to the inventionshould preferably be diffusion-open and watertight. For this purpose,the underlay sheet can be formed as a nonwoven, in particular of PES,with an external watertight and diffusion-open coating, in particular ofPU. The S_(d) value can be between 0.01 and 0.4 m, preferably between0.02 and 0.3 m and more preferably between 0.15 and 0.25 m. Moreover, itgoes without saying that the underlay sheet can also be produced fromother materials in which comparable S_(d) values are possible. Thus, theunderlay sheet can, for example, be composed of two polypropylenespunbonded nonwovens having a breathable film of PE or PP. It is alsopossible to provide a PES or PP spunbonded nonwoven having a breathableacrylate-based coating. Ultimately, a large number of differentpossibilities are available for the underlay sheet.

To enable the composite sheet according to the invention to be cut tosize easily and exactly, the underlay sheet has an embossed grid patternon its upper side. For this purpose, the embossed grid pattern comprisesparallel embossed strips extending in the longitudinal direction of thecomposite sheet and transversely thereto.

To obtain a watertight and windtight thermal insulation layer, the widthof the underlay sheet is greater than the width of the insulatingmaterial sheet. This means that the underlay sheet projects at least onone longitudinal side beyond the insulating material sheet by way of alongitudinal edge. An adhesive edge is then preferably provided on theunderside of the at least one longitudinal edge projecting beyond theinsulating material sheet. With a plurality of composite sheets whichare laid parallel to one another and which should preferably be laidparallel to the eaves, the insulating material sheets of adjacentcomposite sheets butt tightly against one another with the result thatthey are substantially free from gaps. The flush and substantiallygap-free butt-jointing of adjacent composite sheets results particularlyfrom the fact that the insulating material of the individual insulatingmaterial sheets is compressible and flexible and from the fact that theinsulating material sheets of adjacent composite sheets can hug oneanother firmly. On the upper side, the edge of the underlay sheet lieson top of the adjacent composite sheet and is adhesively bonded to itvia the adhesive edge, where this is present. It should also preferablybe the case here that the projecting longitudinal edge of an uppercomposite sheet lies on top of the underlay sheet of a lower laidcomposite sheet and is adhesively bonded thereto. It is ensured in thisway that water running off cannot reach the adhesive bond of theadhesive edge.

Furthermore, the composite sheet according to the invention also offersthe possibility of being secured to the eaves in a simple manner.Provision is made for this purpose for the lower composite sheetadjacent to the eaves to be laid with the insulating material sheetagainst an eaves fillet, while the underlay sheet is laid on top of theeaves fillet and adhesively bonded there by means of the adhesive edge.Water running off over the underlay sheet can thus be guided over andbeyond the eaves fillet into a rainwater gutter.

In addition, the present invention also relates to a composite sheet ofthe aforementioned type for the roof arrangement described. Thecomposite sheet here can have all the aforementioned features per se orin any combination.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained below withreference to the drawing, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a view of an arrangement of a roof of a building,

FIG. 2 shows an arrangement during the laying operation,

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a composite sheet,

FIG. 4 shows a detail view of an arrangement,

FIG. 5 shows another detail view of an arrangement, and

FIG. 6 shows the representation of a counter-batten to be fastened to acomposite sheet.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The individual figures each show an arrangement or details of thearrangement 1 for a roof 2 of a building 3. The arrangement 1 comprisesa plurality of rafters 4 which in the present case extend verticallyfrom the ridge 5 to the eaves 6 and are arranged parallel to oneanother. In addition, a roof covering 7 is situated on the rafters 4.The roof covering 7 comprises in the present case a thermal insulationlayer 8, a counter-batten system made of a plurality of counter-battens9 and provided above the thermal insulation layer 8, a tiling battensystem made up of a plurality of tiling battens 10 and provided abovethe counter-batten system, and roof tiles 11′ placed on the tilingbatten system.

Provision is now made for the thermal insulation layer 8 to comprise atleast one composite sheet 12 which is laid from the roll 11 and extendstransversely with respect to the rafters, this sheet being formed in atleast two layers with an underlay sheet 13 and an insulating materialsheet 14 connected to the underlay sheet 13. The laying operation fromthe roll 11 is represented schematically in FIG. 2, while FIG. 3 shows across-sectional view of a composite sheet 2. The insulating material ofthe composite sheet 12 in the present case takes the form of a polyesterfibre nonwoven which is compressible and flexible. It goes withoutsaying that other compressible and flexible insulating materials canalso be used as an alternative, such as glass wool or mineral wool, forexample.

In the exemplary embodiment represented, the insulating material sheet14 has a thickness of about 3 cm. Here, the composite sheet 12 then hasa thermal conductivity value of 0.04 W/(m·K) to EN12667 in thenon-compressed state, while the thermal conductivity value of thecomposite sheet 12 in the compressed state, as is represented in FIGS. 4and 5, is 0.035 W/(m·K). The composite sheet 12 used in the roofarrangement 1 represented has a roll length of 10 m in the present case.The width of the composite sheet 12 is 1.5 m. Given a weight per unitarea of approximately 1000 g/m², the resulting roll weight is thus about15 kg.

As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, a sealing tape 15 which has athickness of several millimetres is situated between the counter-battens9 and the underlay sheet 13. The sealing tape 15 provides sealing in theregion of nails which are intended for fastening the counter-battens 9.What is not shown is the fact that the sealing tape 15 in the presentcase has an adhesive coating on its side facing the counter-batten 9 andcan hence be fastened in a simple manner to the underside of thecounter-batten 9. It goes without saying that an adhesive coating canalso be provided on the opposite side of the sealing tape 15 so as toensure an improved connection to the composite sheet 12 and bettersealing.

The underlay sheet 13 of the composite sheet 12 is watertight anddiffusion-open. In the present case, the underlay sheet 13 is a nonwovenlayer of PE with an external watertight and diffusion-open coating ofPU. The S_(d) value is approximately 0.18 m. A watertightness W 1 toEN13859-1 is provided. On its upper side, the underlay sheet 13 has anembossed grid pattern (not shown) so that the composite sheet 12 can besevered more easily or more exactly in the longitudinal direction of thecounter-battens 9 or the tiling battens 10.

FIG. 3 shows that the width of the underlay sheet 13 is greater than thewidth of the insulating material sheet 14. In the exemplary embodimentrepresented, the width of the underlay sheet 13 is approximately 150 cm,while the width of the insulating material sheet 14 is about 140 cm,thus resulting in a projecting longitudinal edge 16 of approximately 10cm. In the exemplary embodiment represented, a projecting longitudinaledge 16 is provided only on one side. However, it is also possible inprinciple for a projecting edge to be provided on both sides and/or onthe front sides. An adhesive edge 17 is provided on the projectinglongitudinal edge 16 for the purpose of connecting adjacent compositesheets 12 in a windtight manner.

As illustrated particularly in FIG. 2, a plurality of composite sheets12 laid parallel to one another are generally provided in a roofarrangement 1. The operation of laying the composite sheets 12 takesplace parallel to the eaves 6. Here, the projecting longitudinal edge 16with the adhesive edge 17 always points towards the eaves 6. Theindividual composite sheets 12 arranged over or behind one another inthe upward direction of the roof butt tightly at their insulatingmaterial sheets 14 on the longitudinal side, and thus bear substantiallyfree of gaps against one another. In this way, a covering width of 1.4 min the present case is obtained. Here, the projecting longitudinal edge16 with the adhesive edge 17 is placed on the respectively lowercomposite sheet 12 and bonded there, thus resulting in a windtightconnection of the composite sheets 12.

To secure adjacent composite sheets 12 in a row, various possibilitiesare available, of which two are represented in FIGS. 4 and 5. In theembodiment provided in FIG. 4, the underlying (left-hand) sheet 12 iscut off centrally on the rafter 4. The insulating nonwoven of theinsulating material sheet 14 of the overlying (right-hand) sheet 12 hasbeen detached and cut off to a length of between 10 and 20 cm, with theresult that the insulating material sheets 14 of both sheets 12 arearranged butting one against the other. A front-end projecting edge 18of the underlay sheet 13 of the overlying composite sheet 12 is thenobtained. This edge has then been adhesively bonded parallel to thecounter batten 9 by way of an adhesive tape 19.

In the embodiment represented in FIG. 5, it is the case that the twosheets 12 have been fastened butting flush one against the other above arafter 4. Over the fastening region has been placed a connection strip20 which is adhesively bonded to the underlay sheets 13 of both sheets12 via corresponding adhesive tapes 21 which extend parallel to thecounter-batten 9.

Both FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 further show that the composite sheet(s) 12 inthe fastening region between the counter-battens 9 and rafters 4 arecomparatively thick, i.e. are compressed from about 3 cm in theuncompressed state to 1 cm. Nevertheless, no thermal bridges resultsince sufficient thermal insulation is provided even in the compressedstate.

FIG. 6 represents the way in which the lower composite sheet 12 adjacentto the eaves 6 is secured to the eaves 6. Here, it is the case that theinsulating material sheet 14 of the composite sheet 12 butts against aneaves fillet 22 provided on the eaves 6, while the longitudinal edge 16bears on top of the eaves fillet 22 and is fastened to the eaves fillet22 via the adhesive edge 17. Water which runs off over the upper side ofthe underlay sheet 13 can thus run off directly into a rainwater gutter23 provided on the eaves 6. Moreover, it is the case in the roofarrangement 1 represented that the tiling batten system made up of thetiling battens 10 which are fastened individually to the counter-battens9 is situated outside the water-guiding plane of the underlay sheet 13.This is achieved for the tiling battens 10 through the height of thecounter-batten system, this height being selected such that the upperside of the counter-batten 9 projects above the upper side of theunderlay sheet 13 even when the composite sheet 12 is in the compressedstate

1. Arrangement for a roof or a façade of a building, comprising acounter-batten system made up of a plurality of counter-battens andprovided with a thermal insulation layer, wherein the thermal insulationlayer comprises at least one composite sheet laid from a roll, and inthat the composite sheet is formed in at least two layers with anunderlay sheet and an insulating material sheet connected to theunderlay sheet.
 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein aninsulating material of the insulating material sheet is compressible andflexible.
 3. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein an insulatingmaterial is chosen from the group comprising a polyester nonwover fibre,glass wool and mineral wool.
 4. Arrangement according to claim 1,wherein the insulating material sheet has a thickness of more than 1 cm.5. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the counter-battens arefixedly connected, to rafters, with the composite sheet being placed inbetween, and in that the composite sheet is compressed in a region ofthe counter-battens.
 6. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein athermal conductivity of the composite sheet in a non-compressed state isbetween 0.025 to 0.05 W/(m·K), and, in a compressed state, between 0.02and 0.045 W/(m·K).
 7. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein a lengthof the composite sheet is greater than 3 m.
 8. Arrangement according toclaim 1, wherein a width of the composite sheet is greater than b 50 cm.9. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein a weight of the compositesheet is greater than 300 g/m².
 10. Arrangement according to claim 1,wherein a height of the counter-battens is greater than a thickness ofthe composite sheet.
 11. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein asealing tape is provided between at least one counter-batten and theunderlay sheet.
 12. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein a sealingtape has a thickness of more than 1 mm.
 13. Arrangement according toclaim 1, wherein a sealing tape has an adhesive coating on at least oneside.
 14. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the underlay sheetis watertight and diffusion-open.
 15. Arrangement according to claim 1,wherein the underlay sheet comprises a nonwoven layer with an externalwatertight and diffusion-open coating.
 16. Arrangement according toclaim 1, wherein the underlay sheet is provided, on its upper side, withan embossed grid pattern.
 17. Arrangement according to claim 1, whereina width of the underlay sheet is greater than a width of the insulatingmaterial sheet such that a projecting longitudinal edge is provided, andsuch that, an adhesive edge is provided on an underside of at least onelongitudinal edge projecting beyond the insulating material sheet for apurpose of connecting adjacent composite sheets in a windtight manner.18. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of compositesheets laid parallel to one another and parallel to eaves are provided.19. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the insulating materialsheets of adjacent composite sheets butt tightly and substantially freeof gaps against one another at their longitudinal and/or front sides.20. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein a lower composite sheetadjacent to eaves is laid with the insulating material sheet against aneaves fillet and is adhesively bonded on the eaves side by means of anadhesive edge.